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    Pressure drop control

    Avoid pressure drop build-up and premature reactor shutdowns
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    Prevent unplanned shutdowns with advanced catalyst bed grading.

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    Customized solutions to match specific feedstock profiles including opportunity crudes and heavy feeds.

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    Prevent pressure drop and unplanned shutdowns.

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    More than 40 years of proven grading expertise.

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    Pressure drop caused by particles in the feed or crust build-up in catalyst beds can put any refinery at risk of an unplanned shutdown. This is never good news because maximum on-stream time and uninterrupted cycle lengths are critical for meeting refinery production targets and revenue goals.

    Topsoe catalyst bed grading know-how and technology help you deal with this effectively and reliably.

     

     

    Often-overlooked advantages of catalyst grading

    The importance of catalyst grading is often underestimated when evaluating the overall efficiency of a hydroprocessing unit. If you only focus on the main bulk catalysts, you may miss out on the multiple operating benefits that a well-designed grading solution can provide.

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    Grading tailored to your feedstock

    All hydroprocessing feedstocks are different, each with its own unique profile of inorganic particulates and dissolved contaminants. As opportunity crudes and heavier feedstocks become more economically viable, the oil fractions you refine begin to pose new kinds of challenges.

    That’s why it is essential to have the catalyst grading solution individually configured for your particular feedstock specifications and operating conditions. This will help you:

    • Trap solid particles and other contaminants present in the feedstock

    • Filter out catalyst poisons and metal corrosion debris

    • Convert coke precursors

    so you are able to:

    • Ensure the most efficient hydrogenation activity

    • Minimize pressure drop build-up

    • Reduce downtime and revenue loss

    • Achieve significant savings on catalyst replacement

    Grading configurations to meet your requirements

    Creating the best catalyst grading solution for your specific operating conditions requires access to a wide range of grading products. Topsoe supplies the industry’s widest range of sizes, shapes, and variety of inert grading solutions and active grading solutions. These differ in pore sizes, pore volumes, surface areas, activities, and affinity for specific catalyst poisons. This means we can design the perfect match for your specific feedstock – or even blends of feeds.

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    Experience, know-how and scope

    40 years of specialist grading have given Topsoe experts key know-how about why pressure drop occurs in refinery hydroprocessing reactors and exactly what causes the problem, when, why and how.

    Based on a unique combination of on-site practical understanding as well as intensive, cutting-edge research, Topsoe has developed a comprehensive range of catalyst grading solutions to prevent and manage fouling before it stops production at your refinery.

    Well-managed catalyst grading maximizes trapping capabilities

    Using grading materials of different shapes, sizes and specifications to create the required filtering effect in the reactor loading enables you to trap the largest inorganic feedstock contaminants in the upper layers and the smaller particles in the lower layers.

    Topsoe grading products are designed with different void fractions and void sizes. The volume of each catalyst layer is configured to hold back the different sizes of inorganic particulates and reaction products in the graded bed system throughout the hydroprocessing cycle.

    Trap particulates

    Trap particulates

    Some feedstocks contain corrosion products and other solid particles that don’t get held back by feed filters.

    TK-26 TopTrap™ is an inert grading material specially designed to pick up iron scale and other inorganic contaminants. It is a macroporous material that features a large internal pore volume and void fraction that pick up even very small particles.

    Scale catchers

    Sometimes the amounts of corrosion products and other contaminants are disproportionately high, and the grading required to deal with them without skimming would take up almost the whole the reactor. In such cases, the best solution is usually a scale catcher installation designed to prolong run length by preventing premature plugging of the catalyst bed below.

    Such scale catchers put any unused space in the top of the reactor vessel to effective use, providing the feed with enough time to settle, while slowly overflowing onto the distribution tray(s) below. Topsoe scale catchers are a well-documented success in hydroprocessing reactors worldwide.

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    Prevent catalyst milling

    Catalyst milling sometimes occurs in hydroprocessing reactors, particularly in naphtha units, when the gas rate is high, and there is no gas-liquid distributor. It is also seen in units in which the inlet diffuse is poorly designed.

    Topsoe provides the TK-15 catalyst to help you avoid such problems. This features a special shape and high density to ensure an effective hold-down function as well as a high void fraction.

    Dive deeper into pressure drop control

    Grading

    Grading

    Grading is all about getting the most out of the all-important bulk catalyst in your reactor setup. The right grading configuration is the most effective “preventive measure” and the ultimate...

    Crust formation

    Crust formation pressure drop control

    Topsoe’s catalyst grading solutions prevent crust formation by gradually increasing the catalytic activity from low in the inert topping to higher, the further down the bed you go. 

    TK-26

    TK-26 TopTrap™ catalyst

    TK-26 TopTrap™ is an inert macro-porous material designed to pick up iron scale and other contaminants.

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    Do you have a question about our products or solutions? Or do you want to know how our technologies can support your business? Contact our experts today.