Pressure drop control | Crust formation

Crust formation at the top of a catalyst bed can occur when a reactor – especially one used to process feedstocks containing olefins and oxygenates (coker products, fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) products and renewable feeds) – has been packed with catalyst having too high activity. When a crust does form, it can lead to excessive pressure drop, flow maldistribution, and difficulties during catalyst unloading.

Topsoe’s catalyst grading solutions prevent crust formation by gradually increasing the catalytic activity from low in the inert topping to higher, the further down the bed you go. The result is longer cycles, optimized reactor performance, and more profitable operation.

TK-10

TK-10 is an inert hold-down catalyst applicable as topping layer in catalytic reactors instead of ...

TK-15

TK-15 is specifically designed for units experiencing high gas rates or carry-over of coke spalled ...

TK-18 TopTrap™

TK-18 TopTrap™ is an inert, reticulated, macroporous material designed to pick up particulates, ...

TK-22 TopTrap™

TK-22 TopTrap™ is an inert, reticulated, macroporous material designed to pick up particulates, ...

TK-24 TopTrap™

TK-24 TopTrap™ is an inert, reticulated, macroporous material designed to pick up particulates, ...

TK-26 TopTrap™

TK-26 TopTrap™ is an inert macro-porous material designed to pick up iron scale and other ...

TK-30

TK-30 is a high purity alumina catalyst shaped as rings or extrudates.

TK-3000

TK-3000 PhosTrap™ is a renewable hydrotreating catalyst developed for fixed-bed hydrodeoxygenation ...

TK-447 SiliconTrap™

TK-447 SiliconTrap™ is a very high surface area catalyst for silicon pick-up and desulfurization of ...

TK-709

TK-709 is a high-surface area, low-activity catalyst with high hydrodemetallization (HDM) activity ...

TK-711

TK-711 is a catalyst with high hydrodemetallization (HDM) activity, metal storage capacity and ...

TK-831

TK-831 provides high hydrodemetallization (HDM) activity, metal storage capacity and moderate ...

Distributor tray

Our Vapor Lift Distributor Tray (VLT) ensures uniform distribution of liquid and gas over the ...

Scale catcher

A common problem in hydroprocessing reactors, is pressure drop build-up caused by various particles ...

Catalyst Loading

Topsoe’s Catalyst Loading service gives you valuable pre-loading and loading guidance that can help ...

General Technical Service

Topsoe’s General Technical Service employs the full weight of our knowledge and experience to ...

Plant Assessment / Optimization

A Topsoe Plant Assessment/Optimization can identify and help you solve issues standing in the way ...

Sampling & Analysis

Our Sampling & Analysis service is your direct route to the detailed insight it takes to make ...

Start-up & Reduction / Activation

Our Start-up & Reduction/Activation service supports you before, during and after start-up to make ...

Troubleshooting

Our Troubleshooting service draws on the full range of Topsoe’s insight into catalysts, equipment ...

Project development

We facilitate all relevant contracts to meet both the debt and the equity financing requirements.

Get in touch

Liv Hovgaard

Contact our expert

Related downloads

Watch related videos

The future of grading 40 years ago we introduced ring-shaped grading catalysts, a true game changer in the world of refinery hydroprocessing. But what will happen 40 years from now with the industry turning towards ...

HyOctane™ - Squeeze more value out of your FCC gasoline Do you ever wonder why there is so little competition in the FCC gasoline post-treatment catalyst market? Well, we did, and now there’s a better choice. Thanks to Topsoe’s new series of HyOctane™ ...

Grading - your weapon against pressure drop build-up and catalyst poisons Creating the optimal grading solution for your individual feedstock is essential to minimize pressure drop build-up, increase metals pick-up, and reduce downtime and catalyst replacement. A ...

Applications within this area