Sulfuric Acid | Wet gas Sulfuric Acid (WSA)

The WSA process is a wet gas catalytic process. The concentrated sulfuric acid is produced by condensation from a wet process gas. Drying of the process gas prior to treatment in a WSA plant, therefore, becomes superfluous, hence generation of wastewater and loss of sulfur are avoided. The purpose of the first step in the process is to produce an SO₂ gas at the operating temperature of the oxidation catalyst in the SO₂ converter. If the sulfur in the feed is SO₂, only a simple preheating is required. Other sulfurous feeds are oxidized to SO₂ by combustion and then cooled to the optimum catalytic conversion temperature in a waste heat boiler. The excess heat from this operation is recovered as steam. The catalytic conversion of SO₂ to SO₃ takes place in one or more catalyst beds. Reaction heat is recovered between the catalyst beds by superheating of steam. After the last conversion step, the gas is cooled and the SO₃ reacts with water vapor to form gas-phase sulfuric acid. The process gas is finally cooled by a countercurrent flow of air in the proprietary WSA condenser. Clean gas exits at the top of the WSA condenser and the sulfuric acid is collected in the bottom section from where it is cooled and sent to storage. Hot air generated in the WSA condenser may be used as preheated combustion air to ensure optimal energy efficiency.

Catalysts

VK-WH | Catalysts | Products | Topsoe

A catalyst for improved operating flexibility VK-WH is a cesium-promoted catalyst designed for ...

VK-WL | Catalysts | Products | Topsoe

A catalyst for operation in lean SO2+SO3 gasses VK-WL is a cesium-promoted catalyst designed for ...

VK-WSA | Catalysts | Products | Topsoe

A catalyst for activity in any bed of a WSA or WSA-DC converter The VK-WSA formulation offers ...

VK-WSX | Catalysts | Products | Topsoe

A catalyst for high activity in SO2 gasses The VK-WSX formulation was developed to offer higher ...

VK-WD | Catalysts | Products | Topsoe

A catalyst for SO2+SO3 gases VK-WD is optimized for lean SO2+SO3 gases, such as in a SNOX™ plant or ...

Equipment

Sulfuric acid condenser | Equipment | Products | Topsoe

Efficient Cooling and Acid Condensation in WSA and SNOX™ Plants The WSA condenser in WSA and SNOX™ ...

Sulfuric acid cooling system | Equipment | Products | Topsoe

Two-Step Acid Cooling System for WSA and SNOX™ Plants The acid cooling system of WSA and SNOX™ The ...

Integrated Sulfuric Acid Concentrator (ISAC) | Equipment | Products | Topsoe

ISAC Unit for Enhanced Acid Concentration in WSA and SNOX™ Plants The ISAC is a small, packed ...

Sulfur Oxides Low VElocity filter (SOLVE) | Equipment | Products | Topsoe

CleanSET Solution for Meeting Stricter Emission Regulations in WSA Plants Legislation in the WSA ...

Applications within this area

Sulfur dioxide oxidation

Over the years Topsoe has brought major product breakthroughs to the market, providing the industry with new catalysts for more energy-efficient operation, lower SO2 emissions and higher production rates.

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